Aquarium Essays - Zoology, Nervous System, Arthropod, Animal, Insect

Aquarium Essays - Zoology, Nervous System, Arthropod, Animal, Insect Aquarium Life form 1,2,3,6,7,8,9 and 10 are from the phylum Chordata. All Chordates shared four significant qualities; a notochord, which offers a skeletal help, a dorsal empty nerve string, which form into the focal nerve framework, pharyngeal cuts, which are openings in the pharynx that form into gills, and a post-butt-centric tail. Living being 2,7 and 8 are the phylum Mollusca. The creatures in this classification share numerous qualities which are two-sided symmetry,two cell layers, tissues and organs, come up short on a pit, groups a through gut with a mouth and butt monomeric and profoundly factor bodies, may forces shell and calcareous spicules, has a sensory system with a circum-oesophageal ring, ganglia and combined nerve harmonies, open circulatory frameworks with a heart and an aorta, has vaporous trade organs called ctenidial gills, duplicate explicitly, feed on a wide assortment of materials and live in many situations. Life form 4 is an Arthropoda. Arthropods have a body shrouded in chitinous fingernail skin that solidifies into an exoskeleton, made out of somites (Metamerism), jointed extremities, ventral nerve line with ganglia at each portion, open circulatory framework and a respective symmetric body. Most Arthropods imitate explicitly; anyway a few creepy crawlies are parthenogenetic. Life form 4 was Porifera. Poriferans are usually wipes which are inactive ordinarily, a large portion of them are marine wipes, round and hollow, have outspread evenness, have a body divider called a diploblastic, their center layer has different meandering amoebocytes, have numerous ostia on their body, feed on minute creatures and little natural particles which enter the body through the oscula, have exoskeletons, emit mostly smelling salts, and agamic multiplication happens by maturing or sexual propagation occur through interior preparation. Living being 5 and 9 are Cnidaria. Cnidarian living beings are radially balanced, have bodies with interior cavity and a mouth, multiplication is sexual or agamic, has a straightforward net-like sensory system, has a particular larval stage which planktonic, live in oceanic situations, for the most part carnivores in any case channel feeders, and have insignificant skeleton of chiton or calcium carbonate. Life form 6 is echinodermata. These living beings free living, only marine structures, hatchlings are reciprocally balanced while the grown-ups are radially even, have bodies spoken to by a focal circle secured by ossicles with spines called pedicularia, plate may bear expansions called arms, have a total stomach related framework, have a water vascular framework, groups tube feet for headway and breath just as taking care of, has a focal apprehensive sytem ring with five transmitting nerves, sexual proliferation, improvement is aberrant, and gangs a capacity to recover. For creature 3, the subphylum is Crustacea. Crustacea are essentially sea-going arthropods, yet in addition incorporate earthbound structures, which have a cephalothorax secured by a carapace. They likewise have mandible mouthparts, gills for breath, reception apparatuses, and biramous members.

Essay --

Extent of training is characterized as the wide system of methods, activities and procedures that are allowed under a particular permit of a united wellbeing proficient. This clinical wording is utilized by both the national and state permitting commissions for different callings, including nursing, birthing assistance and paramedicine. The extent of training confines and constrains the associated wellbeing proficient, under a demonstration of law, to have attempted explicit instruction, followed guideline rules and enlisted under permitting bodies so as to rehearse in their individual wellbeing calling. Also, every individual wellbeing calling (nursing, paramedicine, birthing assistance, specialist, specialist, and so on.) has explicit necessities and levels which characterize the extent of training for every person. The meaning of every individual extent of training is significant, as it guarantees the wellbeing of both patient and expert. The extent of training guarantees the individual doesn't take part in rehearses that they might be esteemed perilous and guarantees the individual doesn't participate in incompetent practices. ...

Scathing Book Reviews Of 2019 Critical Linking, January 1, 2020

Scathing Book Reviews Of 2019 Critical Linking, January 1, 2020 Critical Linking, a daily roundup of the most interesting bookish links from around the web is sponsored by  our $50 Barnes and Noble gift card giveaway! Enter here. As longtime devotees will know, for one day and one day only here at Book Marksâ€"a wholesome and benevolent institution dedicated to helping readers find the books they’ll love by spotlighting the best in contemporary literary criticismâ€"we your friendly neighborhood book review aggregators put on our black hats and seek out the most deliciously virulent literary take-downs of the past twelve months. It’s a ritual blood-letting exercise carried out in an effort appease the Literary Gods, thereby guaranteeing a good book review harvest in the year to come, and we take it very seriously. Claws out, drama high, heres a roundup of scathing book reviews in 2019. Who would have thought that an 1883 essay with the dry-as-dust title “A Problem in Greek Ethics could create such a stir? A curator at Johns Hopkins University recently stumbled across an extremely rare copy of the 19th-century essay by John Addington Symonds that helped lay the foundation for the modern gay rights movement â€" a copy that for more than 130 years was thought to be lost. It is now on view at the university, along with some letters, photographs and copies of books from Symonds’ library. I love a found-book story. Starting January 1, the audiobook version of “The Martian” is no longer be the R.C. Bray version and is now be a version recorded by the lovely and talented Wil Wheaton. This has led to my inbox looking something like this: • Hey, where’s the R.C. Bray version? • WTF? What happened to R.C. Bray!? I liked him. You’re stupid. • Andy, your anal-itch cream of the month subscription is about to run out. Renew now for a discount. • I curse you and your bloodline for a thousand generations! • why is worf reading the martian? wtf, bro? So I figure an explanation is in order. The short answer is: Complicated rights stuff. An explanation on the change in The Martian audiobookâ€"but also a look behind the curtain on how audiobook publishing contracts work (or dont). Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books.

Obtaining A Life Of Meaning And Purpose In Life Is Something

Obtaining a life of meaning and purpose in life is something that every human being struggles with. Trying to find yourself and locate your value in society. Even today it’s one of the biggest struggles. That feeling of acceptance comes from everything, your back round, your race, your skin color, your religious belief, your political belief. God intended for us to be here in this world but he leaves your meaning and purpose for you to find and seek it through whatever lessons and teachings you find. Martin Luther King JR always preached about human injustice and inequality and this is what the Letter from a Birmingham Jail was about. Nostra Aetate Vatican II had the purpose of creating awareness to the differences we have in cultures and†¦show more content†¦We ask ourselves then how could that have been human? How does someone live a life of meaning and purpose with this treatment. They couldn’t; they had to make the most of it. â€Å"But more basically, I a m in Birmingham because injustice is here.† (121) Attacking the issue, is what God meant. God wants us to live a life of meaning and purpose by addressing the issues and struggles that are given to us. Struggle and troubles in human life is part of the journey, purpose and meaning. We as the catholic tradition have so many struggles. The Letter from Birmingham Jail highlights this question of meaning and purpose in our lives once again with â€Å"We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed.† (123) The fact that African Americans felt this way it is hard to live a life of meaning and purpose. Especially when your freedom a right by our Constitution is being taken from you. To have all of these differences in society whether it relates to God or not it wasn’t fair. God intends for life to be hard I believe through all of the teachings and lessons. But still today prejudice and rac ial behaviors exist against African Americans not to the extent to when this letter was written in 1963. Martin Luther King Jr created a non-violent constructive approach to dealing with the injustices that were created. This letter ultimately speaks about how a life of meaning and purpose needs to be given through ourShow MoreRelated money Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pages The Meaning of Success Most people do not find their careers fulfilling or meaningful. Today more and more people are dissatisfied with this situation. Many people consider money to be more important than obtaining a purpose in life. Everyone has a passion deep down inside. You may not be aware of exactly what it is, but it will emerge as life goes on. Once you find this passion or mission, success will fallow. It is not easy to find or create work that truly satisfies the soul. Living your lifeRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness And Moral Virtue Essay1593 Words   |  7 Pagesmade life changing discoveries, their ideas differed when it came to the way one obtains happiness. Although they disagree as to what happiness is, they both agreed over the fact that our happiness is the chief gsod or the main idea we pursuSs. Another thing they agreed on was the meaning of virtue, which is what makes something do its function well and makes it a good instance of its kind. The ideas that they agreed on were the existence of a happiness and that virtue is what makes something do itsRead MoreAchieving Highest Levels Of Success1724 Words   |  7 Pagespotential. There needs to be a balance of intellectual and emotional health in students, in order to be content. The same can be said of career success. People who achieve great careers with great wages have not been proven to be more satisfied in life. There is the advantage of upward mobility, which can bring satisfaction. Although not enough to the point where they are happier than those who do not have that level of career. In addition, the opportunities of moving up in the social ladder areRead MoreMy Childhood, Freedom, By Daniel H. Pink1056 Words   |  5 PagesIn my childhood, freedom was never a choice. Going to school, working with my father and struggling to live in a crowed home was everyday life for me. My parents were not bad people, though they failed to give their children autonomy. Throughout the beginning of the fall semest er I have been captivated by the book we have been reading known as Drive, written by Daniel H. Pink. Pink has revealed a new way of parental education, which maybe a success. Drive is based on motivation and its complex characteristicsRead MoreUnexamined Life Not Worth Living For1300 Words   |  6 PagesUnexamined Life Not Worth Living For In this paper I will argue that Socrates is right about an unexamined life is no worth living for, however too much examination leads to the absurd and too little tends to keep you from obtaining knowledge, not being able to free your-self as humans are meant to be free. Socrates was a philosopher who believed that humans were meant to obtain all type of knowledge, and that such knowledge could only be achieved through examination. As Socrates stated â€Å"it is theRead MoreAnalysis Of Tuesdays With Morrie By Mitch Albom1092 Words   |  5 Pagesformer professor and sharing his perspectives with a younger, man’s heart softening with the professor’s words of wisdom. Discussing ageing and what it means, fearing ageing, developing a fulfilled life, death and the meaning thereof, fearing death, and obtaining a positive attitude about an inevitable life event, are all important aspects to communicate with others. Knowing and having an understanding of what ageing stands for, remains an important step, growing-up or growing older and ageism areRead MoreAcademic Goals665 Words   |  3 Pagesthan competition, goals provide a sense of purpose because it gives direction and increases motivation. III. Goals provide a sense of purpose A. Hewerton states that A goal is something we strive for that should be aligned with our purpose and striving for our goal will help us accomplish our purpose (Roxi Hewertson, 2014). B. Finding purpose gives us a passionate reason to follow our goal sets. C. Setting goals with a purpose provide meaning otherwise it just a plan. IV. GoalsRead MoreIs Happiness the Purpose of Life?1317 Words   |  5 Pageshappy and we can’t be happy; we only want happiness.† So, what’s the purpose of life? Is it to be happy? Everyone has that desire, to have happiness. We even base our decision we by how it will affect our happiness. In our life we experience happiness and unhappiness, but we are oblivious as to what happiness is. What comes to mind when thinking of happiness? Is it pleasure, the thought of the good life, prosperity, or is it something else? We won’t be able to have a response to that question until weRead MoreThe Collapse of Dreams in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby783 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican dream to acquire the wealth he thinks he needs to win Daisys affection. Gatsbys energy has been directed into the pursuit of power and pleasure, and a very flashy, but empty form of success. Gatsby spends countless years obtaining his fortune for one purpose only, to win back Daisy.    Once he has gained this wealth, he moves close to Daisy and her husband Tom Buchanan, and begins throwing extravagant parties, hoping that she might show up at one of them. He, himself, does notRead MoreSuccess Essay : The Meaning Of Success1136 Words   |  5 Pages The meaning of success is different for everyone. It can be completing your education/degree, earning money, or obtaining a good job. Success is a word that society uses to describe a person that is intelligent or genius. Talent can also be a meaning of success, but you do not have to be born with talent in order to achieve your goals. you do not have to be born with talent to be successful you just have to have the right timing, culture, practice, age, and opportunity. To become an expert or successful

Reflecting On The Residential School System - 1509 Words

RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL SYSTEM 3. In reflecting on the Residential School System in Canada, discuss why Elders teachings and courses in Indigenous studies are important today. Between 1875 and 1996, First Nations children were forced to attended residential schools to be systematically assimilated into an English-Christian society through abuse, segregation, and racism. Residential schools were created by the Canadian government to transition First Nations children into a newly colonized Canada, but somewhere something went wrong and the policy of teaching was corrupted into assimilation through abuse. The priority of residential schools was to kill the Indian in the child. As a result many languages and cultures were lost as children were not taught the traditions of their heritages and could not pass on this knowledge to their children. Residential schools directly contributed to the loss of the First Nations traditional cultures and created a cycle of abuse for generations to come. Dickason, Olive Patricia and Long, David. (2011). Visions of the Heart. Oxford University Press. First Nations Elders maintain traditional lifestyles and beliefs. They continue to spread the oral traditions that once were very well known. After residential schools were created a lot of knowledge was lost from the First Peoples, and the Elders have become a primary source for this knowledge perseverance. â€Å"Elders continue to accrue, especially both to their role and function and to theShow MoreRelatedDifferent Situations Where Skills By Social Workers Are Needed When Working With Groups1575 Words   |  7 Pageswhere skills by social workers are needed when working with groups. I will define the term ‘group’ and will be reflecting on my own experiences of working within groups and what I have observed in regards to individuals, behaviours and group dynamics. My examples are drawn from two particular situations where I have been involved, which include a multi-professional meeting and residential home for children with disabilities. I will be drawing on knowledge from K216 materials and other sources. Read MoreAnalysis Of Ann Marie Macdonald s Fall On Your Knees And Richard Wagamese s Indian Horse 1502 Words   |  7 Pagesrianna Jewett Mrs. Leishman ENG 4U1 Friday, May 12, 2017 Abuse and Trauma Could mild to severe forms abuse be thought of as just another part of growing up? Throughout childhood people are faced with situations of abusive families or school year bullies that could give them this dose of reality at a young age. In Ann-Marie MacDonald’s ‘Fall on Your Knees’ and Richard Wagamese’s ‘Indian Horse’, the characters face different traumas and forms of abuse. The abuse has different effects on the characters:Read MoreAn Assessment of Housing Policies in the UK1415 Words   |  6 Pageshuman shelter. In the United Kingdom, the human housing environment is acknowledged as a setting affecting health. Epidemiological, quasi-studies have attributed the relation to the housing construction methodologies as well as the indoor quality systems in across the country (Bonnefoy, 2007). The context of this paper familiarize with the strategically imposed policies of housing, how housing policy making has changed over years, the policies followed in construction and indoor air quality and efficacyRead MoreFirst Nations Self-Governance of Education796 Words   |  3 Pagesof Mi’kmaq content throughout the Nova Scotia Kindergarten to grade twelve mainstream curriculums. In response the province stated that an increase in Mi’kmaq content from the two high school classes already in existence was unwarranted given the low proportion of First Nations students who attend provincial schools. Is First Nation content in education solely for the purpose of being inclusive of First Nations learners? In Canada, First Nations self-governance of education has been a major developmentRead MoreThe Fire Service1196 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent genders are allocated tasks based on the difference. It is a common known fact that the society in large believes men in having the traits pertaining to masculinity, which supposedly helps in the post of a higher authority (Global concepts in residential fire safety, 2008). The very differences presumed causes difference in aspirations between the two genders and brings forth the rift in mentality to involve women in jobs requiring â€Å"male† attributes. Yes this mentality can be changed by proper educationRead MoreLudwig Mies Van Der Rohe984 Words   |  4 Pagesfather was a stonemason and Ludwig began working with him at a young age. He then moved to Berlin and worked for notable architects and furniture designers. He was given a lot of praise for his skyscraper designs. Most of the early work he did was residential and he receive d his first independent commission, the Riehl House, at the age of just 20 (â€Å"Legacy†, 2012). Ludwig was highly respected for the many innovative structures. Due to his many well-known designs, he was asked to construct a pavilion forRead MoreFamily Structure Of A Child s Life973 Words   |  4 Pagesmanipulated during each phase of a child’s life. â€Å"Whether a child’s parents are married, divorced, single, remarried or cohabiting- is a significance on children’s educational performance,† (Scnieder). Family structure affects education at all levels. School misbehavior, drug and alcohol abuse, sexual activity, teen pregnancy, and psychological distress. Two parent home percentage has dropped, while single parent homes are increasing, nearly doubling. Simply, Children with their own married parents succeedRead MoreThe Contributions Of Michael Martin Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesProfessional Contributions to The University of Wisconsin - Riv er Falls and the College of Education and Professional Studies. Reflecting on the past nineteen years I have been privileged to work with outstanding students, faculty and colleagues at the University of Wisconsin River Falls. I am humbled and honored being nominated for the University of Wisconsin System, Board of Regents Academic Staff Excellence Award. I have been asked to highlight my professional contributions and service toRead MoreThe Colonial And Contemporary Social Roots2609 Words   |  11 PagesColonial and Contemporary Social Roots of Problems in Aboriginal Education in Urban Canada The long era of the residential school system in Canada is officially over, with the last school having closed its doors nearly two decades ago, in 1996. Yet, the problematic legacies of the residential schools and the colonial mindset behind these schools continue to haunt the Canadian education system, frustrating and undermining its attempts to educate, engage and empower aboriginal students. Strong tracesRead MoreHow Much School Wide Achievement Effects The Relationship Between Early Childhood Education And Performance1368 Words   |  6 Pagessee how much school-wide achievement effects the relationship between early childhood education and performance in reading and math in fifth graders. The question they wanted to answer was, â€Å"Do ECE program participants have better achievement in fifth grade than others who were not in an ECE program?† They sampled children were first-time or repeat kindergarteners, kids who did not complete the first assessment in English, children who needed special education, and had moved schools recently. They

Making a Mega City in Bangladesh Free Essays

â€Å"Making Mega City in Chittagong† We are owner of â€Å"Dream Properties Builders†. Our company mission is become number one company in properties business and vision is become a brand in Bangladesh. Our slogan is ‘We make your dream real’. We will write a custom essay sample on Making a Mega City in Bangladesh or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our main office in Chittagong at Jamal Khan road and in Dhaka at Rd11, Suhrawardy Ave, Baridhara. Our company taking a plan in Chittagong and this is making mega city. The project budget is one hundred and fifteen crore Taka and life is 10 year. In budget fifteen core taka for bank interest and one hundred core taka for other cost. Why we take this plan: In economists language Chittagong is heart of Bangladesh and recently our Government takes decision to expand Chittagong Port and make a deep sea port in Sonadia. After considering this we think in future Chittagong becomes an important place for people and business organization. In near future demand of apartments, shopping mall, commercial place etc will increase in Chittagong and this is profitable for us. Making a five star in partnership with Hotel Lords Inn. Selected location: For making mega city we take a project name DREAM CITY . This project take place in Cornel hut . For apartments we selected ? of the hole project . The mega city is about 500 acres .. For commercial building and hospital we selected the center space of the whole project. For shopping mall selected southwest corner of the perimeter. Fund Rising: In One Hundred and Fifteen Core Taka we and our partner finance seventy core taka and another thirty core Taka taking loan from Bank Asia at interest rate 5 percent. The bank interest we collect from our revenue. The cost: There are many type of cost. Here we listed some main cost like Land accruing:Tk 450000000 Material cost: Tk 300000000 Labor cost:Tk 90000000 Interest expense: Tk 150000000 Other expense:Tk 160000000 In material cost include cost of cement, iron, machine, stone, glass, aluminum etc and in other expense include office expense, transport expense, government tax etc. The revenue: Here are some revenues which we can earn We have 500 apartment project, where per apartment size is 1250 amp; the entire apartment sizes are 6250. per sq feet will sell 4000tk amp; we can earn 300000000tk. We also have 100 duplex home project, per duplex apartment will sell for 500000000tk amp;total earn would be 500000000tk. Shopping mall 35000 sq ft,per sq feet tk4000 amp; total amount would be tk140000000. Other revenue from other project 500000000tk. fixed earning come from commercial building , school , hospital, water supply . because our company we run this things in the dream city. Minimum fixed income is 50000000 per month. Promotion: to promote our mega city plan we will take help from the media. Commercial advertisement, newspaper, radio helps us to market our project to the hole country. How to cite Making a Mega City in Bangladesh, Papers

Sexism In The Workplace Essays - Gender Studies, Gender,

Sexism In The Workplace Gender Roles Children learn from their parents and society the conception of feminine and masculine. Much about these conceptions is not biological at all but cultural. The way we tend to think about men and women and their gender roles in society constitute the prevailing paradigm that influences out thinking. Riane Eisler points out that the prevailing paradigm makes it difficult for us to analyze properly the roles of men and women in prehistory we have a cultural bias that we bring to the effort and that colors our decision-making processes. Sexism is the result of that bias imposed by our process of acculturation. Gender roles in Western societies have been changing rapidly in recent years, with the changes created both by evolutionary changes in society, including economic shifts which have altered the way people work and indeed which people work as more and more women enter the workforce, and by perhaps pressure brought to make changes because of the perception that the traditional social structure was inequitable. Gender relations are a part of the socialization process, the initiation given the young by society, teaching them certain values and creating in them certain behavior patterns acceptable to their social roles. These roles have been in a state of flux in American society in recent years, and men and women today can be seen as having expanded their roles in society, with women entering formerly male dominions and men finding new ways to relate to and function in the family unit. When I was growing up a woman was never heard of having a job other than a school teacher or seamstress. Our(women's)job was to take care of the house. We had a big garden out back from which we got most of our vegetablesA garden is a lot of work you knowWe also had to make clothes when there were none to be had(hand-me- downs) Gender can be defined as a social identity consisting of the role a person is to play because of his or her sex. There is a diversity in male and female roles, making it impossible to define gender in terms of narrow male and female roles. Gender is culturally defined, with significant differences from culture to culture. These differences are studied by anthropologists to ascertain the range of behaviors that have developed to define gender and on the forces at work in the creation of these roles. The role of women in American society was conditioned by religious attitudes and by the conditions of life that prevailed through much of American history. The culture of Europe and America was based for centuries on a patriarchal system in which exclusive ownership of the female by a given male was considered important, with the result that women were regulated to the role of property with no voice in their own fate. The girl-child was trained from birth to fit the role awaiting her, and as long as compensations were adequate, women were relatively content: For Example, if in return for being a man's property a woman receives economic security, a full emotional life centering around husband and children, and an opportunity to express her capacities in the management of her home, she has little cause for discontent. While this statement is arguable in the way it assumes that women are not discontented under such circumstances, it is clear that for most of history women were expected to be content with this sort of life and were trained for that purpose. Clearly, circumstances of family life have changed in the modern era. Industry has been taken out of the home, and large families are no longer economically possible or socially desired. The home is no longer the center of the husband's life, and for the traditional wife there is only a narrowing of interests and possibilities for development: Increasingly, the woman finds herself without an occupation and with an unsatisfactory emotional life. The change in sex roles that can be discerned in society is closely tied with changes in the structure of the family. Changes in both family structure and sex roles over the last century have produced the ferment we still see today, and one of the problems with the changing role of women is the degree to which society perceives this is causing unwanted changes in the family, though it is just as true that changes in the family have altered the roles of women. As women entered the early 1990s, they faced a number of problems. Most of these problems have been around

A Manual for Literature Review Essays

A Manual for Literature Review Essays A Manual for Literature Review Essay A Manual for Literature Review Essay Outline ? What Is Literature Review? ? Why Do Literature Review? ? The Steps of Literature Review ? Tips for Literature Review ? Last but not the least 2010-10-13 Japanese winner of Nobel prize in Chemistry 2 What Is Literature Review? â€Å" a literature review uses as its database reports of primary or original scholarship, and does not report new primary scholarship itself. The primary reports used in the literature may be verbal, but in the vast majority of cases reports are written documents. The types of scholarship may be empirical, theoretical, critical/analytic, or methodological in nature. Second a literature review seeks to describe, summarize, evaluate, clarify and/or integrate the content of primary reports. † Source: Cooper, H. M. (1988), â€Å"The structure of knowledge synthesis†, Knowledge in Society, Vol. 1, pp. 104-126 In a word, literature review is a critical summary and an assessment of the current state of knowledge or current state of the art in a particular field. 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 3 Why Do Literature Review? to let researchers and readers know the relationship between your research and former researches, including the strengths and weaknesses of former research Literature review should be done around your research topic. However, it should be noted that literatures you reviewed may be related to your research in other aspects, like research questions, research target, concept framework, and/or method and procedure. Before finishing literature review, it is impossible for you to decide the definition of research uestions and targets. 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 4 Why Do Literature Review? Several other purposes and benefits by doing literature review ? ? ? to avoid unfounded research and over repetition on the research already done by former researchers to identify gaps in the literature, to find new research frontiers, and to confirm how, where and by what way should your current research be done to increase existing knowledge to provide a train of thought and guidance for following situation: ? how to solve the problems you may face ? ? technologies data sources other research methods you haven’t come into your mind A Manual of Literature Review 5 2010-10-13 The Steps of Literature Review ? Step 1: Define the problem It is important to define the problem or area which you wish to address. Having a purpose for your literature review will narrow the scope of what you need to look for when you read. 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 6 The Steps of Literature Review ? Step 2: Carry out a search for relevant materials ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ooks (monographs, text books, reference books); articles from journals, whether print or electronic (but make sure electronic journals have been subject to the peer review process); newspaper articles; historical records; commercial reports and statistical information; government reports and statistical information; theses and dissertations; other types of information which may be releva nt to your particular discipline. A Manual of Literature Review 7 2010-10-13 The Steps of Literature Review ? Step 2: Carry out a search for relevant materials In Tokyo Tech, there several ways to search literatures ? Firstly, you can access the website: libra. titech. ac. jp/databases/ to find the related databases. For example, here are some common used databases: CiNii ? EBSCO host Engineering Village SciFinder Web Web of Science Secondly, you can use the Google Scholar to search the literatures you are interested in. Some of these literatures are free, and some of them are free, but you can access them by the location of Tokyo Tech if Tokyo Tech has bought the databases. A Manual of Literature Review 8 2010-10-13 The Steps of Literature Review ? Step 2: Carry out a search for relevant materials In Tokyo Tech, there several ways to search literatures ? Thirdly, you can use Tokyo Tech Library. You can search the database first before you go to library. ? Fourthly, if you find some literature is very helpful but not included in any database in Tokyo Tech, while other universities have it, you can go directly to the university or borrow it from Tokyo Tech Library. Fifthly, there are many books in our lab and Prof. Miyazaki’s office. There should be some books matching your research. Or you can suggest some books or reports to buy. 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 9 The Steps of Literature Review ? Step 3: Evaluate the literatures This part of information comes from â€Å"www. emeraldinsight. com/authors/guides/write/literature. htm† Initial appraisal from raw bibliographical data ? What are the authors credentials, are they an exper t in the field? Are they affiliated to a reputable organization? What is the date of publication; is it sufficiently current or will knowledge have moved on? ? If a book, is it the latest edition? ? ? Is the publisher a reputable, scholarly publisher? If it is a journal, is it a scholarly journal which has been peer reviewed? 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 10 The Steps of Literature Review ? Step 3: Evaluate the literatures This part of information comes from â€Å"www. emeraldinsight. com/authors/guides/write/literature. htm† Appraisal based on content analysis: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Is the writer addressing a scholarly audience? Does the author review the relevant literature? Does the author write from an objective viewpoint, and are their views based on facts rather than opinions? If the author uses research, is the design sound? Is it primary or secondary material? Does the author have a particular theoretical viewpoint, e. g. feminist? What is the relationship of this work to other material you have read on the same topic, does it substantiate it or add a different perspective? Is the authors argument logically organized and clear to follow? If the author is writing from a practice-based perspective, what are the implications for practice? A Manual of Literature Review 11 2010-10-13 The Steps of Literature Review ? Step 4: Analyze the findings ? ? ? What themes emerge and what conclusions can be drawn? What are the major similarities and differences between the various writers? Are there any significant questions which emerge and which could form a basis for further investigation? 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 12 The Steps of Literature Review Step 5: Organize literature review This part of information comes from â€Å"www. emeraldinsight. com/authors/guides/write/literature. htm† ? Introduction: define the topic, together with your reason for selecting the topic. You could also point out overall trends, gaps, particular themes that emerge, etc. Body: this is where you discuss your sources. Here are some ways in which you could organize your discussion: chronologically; thematically (take particular the mes in the literature); methodologically(the focus is on the methods of the researcher) ? ? Conclusion: summarize the major contributions, evaluating the current position, and pointing out flaws in methodology, gaps in the research, contradictions, and areas for further study A Manual of Literature Review 13 2010-10-13 Tips for Literature Review Use Literature, NOT show Literature: Literature review is not reading report; don’t just list what you read. You need to use literature, not show literature! You need to analyze these literatures including your comments. Don’t review many new and great prevalent theories before what have gone after your research! Literatures should be selected! 5C Principles: Comprehensive, Concise, Coherent, Cumulative and Critical. (Flowerdew, R. (1997). Finding previous work on the topic. In R. Flowerdew D. ) Quotations should be correct! Use relative softwares like reference manager JabRef and SciPlore Mindmapping to manage your literatures. 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 14 Tips for Literature Review Note for Sources You have to make clear information on the sources you are using! Plagiarism is not allowed! 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 15 Last but not the least This is just a general information on literature review, not represent all related information. What you need to do is â€Å"Do it as this guideline say and accumulate know-how when you do it†. There are many other more information in internet or papers on literature review. If you want to know more, please read more and practice it. One example of literature review: Franco Malerba, 2007. Innovation and the dynamics and evolution of industries: Progress and challenges. International Journal of Industrial Organization 25, 675–699. 2010-10-13 A Manual of Literature Review 16

3 qualities that will make you an effective team player

3 qualities that will make you an effective team player The term â€Å"team player† is so often used as an essential professional attribute that it’s become a well-worn clichà ©- but that doesn’t make it any less of a valuable skill to have if you want to be successful at work, regardless of your occupation or industry. Being able to work well with others and being regarded by your colleagues as an effective team player can lead to a wealth of promising career opportunities- people will tend to seek you out when assembling teams for projects (which are more likely to be successful when the members of your team work well together), peers and superiors will turn to you for collaborations that can enhance your visibility and profile, you’ll increase your chances of impressing your colleagues, and others will want to support you and celebrate your success as you climb your personal career ladder.Although some folks seem to be able to work well with others no matter what the situation or mix of personalities they f ind themselves in, for others it’s not quite that simple. The truth is, not everyone is a natural team player, but everyone can become one with a little effort.Yes, your work environment and the nature of the work you do will go a long way towards dictating what makes an effective team player in your world, but there are some fundamental personal qualities that most effective team players seem to possess- and use- to their advantage when opportunities to collaborate arise. Do you possess the following 3 qualities? If so, then be sure to use them to your advantage at work, and keep them polished and sharp. If not, consider building these skills to maximize your chances of achieving success.PatienceGreat team players typically possess an abundance of patience in their reserves when working with others, which comes in really handy when juggling the diverse personalities and work styles of team members. It can be easy to get frustrated in collaborative work settings, especially w hen one (or more than one) team member is tough to work with or tries to exert unwanted control over the group, or when the project doesn’t go as well as initially planned. However, those who are known to be effective team members have the patience and self-control to keep themselves and others calm, cool, and collected, which helps to keep both colleagues and work projects on track.FlexibilityA close relative of patience, flexibility allows team players to roll with the punches when things get volatile or tumultuous during a group effort at work, and can pivot effectively when a project takes an unexpected turn or requires a course correction. Where some folks lose control when things don’t go according to plan during the life cycle of a project, those who are good team players are flexible enough to swerve when change is needed- without putting added stress or strain on their team members.ReliabilityReliability is where the â€Å"rubber meets the road† on a pr oject, and effective team members consistently deliver in this area. When collaborating on a project, they are well aware of what they are responsible for and make sure that they deliver as planned and on schedule, allowing their team members to focus on their tasks without having to worry about weak links, with the end result being that the collaborative effort becomes greater than the sum of its parts.If you set your sights on strengthening your skills in the areas mentioned here, you will improve your ability to work with others and gain a reputation as someone people can count on in any collaborative situation, big or small.

''Critically discuss the approaches a non-financial company should Essay

''Critically discuss the approaches a non-financial company should take in defining, measuring and effectively managing the risks inherent in a potential new project.'' - Essay Example The company plans its operations well in advance. These plans are based on an analysis of past activities and estimated forecasts. When the actual result matches with the planned result there is a gain but when the actual outcome is different from the expectation there is a loss. Despite this the activities of the company are based on the forecasts. This means that the company is taking a risk. Suppose, there is a company X Ltd based in US. A research by the company reveals that there is a good market for its product in Canada. To tap the Canadian market the company wishes to start its operations in Canada. For a new project the company requires funds for buying equipments, employing man-power, procuring materials etc. The funds required for setting up its new operations can be obtained as loans from financial institutions. But the availability of loan depends on the market conditions. It is difficult to obtain loan in a tight monetary market. During these times the company has to pa y a high rate of interest for securing loans. This raises the interest obligations of the company. Moreover the company is also subject to the risk of interest rate fluctuations. This is called interest rate risk. If the company avails a floating rate loan, a rise in the rate of interest pushes up its interest cost. This can be hedged with the help of swaps and derivative instruments (Nawalkha et al, 2005, P1). The material constitutes the most important part of the input. Its non-availability can have an adverse impact on production levels. If the company relies on a single supplier then it can be exposed to the unjust demands of the supplier. This can give rise to instances of short-supply, unfair prices etc. On account of his supreme position, he can demand for unfavourable terms of credit. If the supplier has a monopolistic position in the market he can ask for higher prices for the

Site Field Visit and Essay Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Site Field Visit and Essay - Research Paper Example I had already witnessed the rituals of some other religions, and I was sure that experience inside the church would be much different from other worship places. I collected some preliminary knowledge about church and Christianity from my Christian friends. I also made a bit of internet research on the religion and the common rules to follow while visiting a church. From what Slick Matt describes in Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry website, Christianity is a religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ. According to Christianity, God is ‘Trinity’ which includes Father, Son and the Holy Spirit. Jesus Christ, the Son is the second person in trinity. Christianity believes that one can attain salvation and save oneself from righteous judgment of God only through the faith in Jesus. According to the Orthodox point of view, as described in the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America website by Conciliar Press, an orthodox church is the church founded by Jesus, and it is described in the New Testament. It is the church which could be traced back historically by all other Christian sections and churches. When visiting an orthodox church which is considered as the God’s house one should cross oneself and prepare for prayer. Everyone is supposed to be reserved and modest within the church, and must wear proper attires that suits God’s house. Women usually cover their heads and men do not wear any caps. Everyone stands in an orthodox church and there are separate sections for both men and women. But weak or old age people can make use of seats if they need. I visited the church on a Sunday morning with two of my orthodox Christian friends. As I reached the place, I saw the beautiful huge white church building with a golden dome on the top. Since it was a Sunday, there were several men and women who came for the Sunday observance. Church building is oriented west to east with the

The Structure Of The Travel And Tourism Industry Tourism Essay

The Structure Of The Travel And Tourism Industry Tourism Essay Travel and tourism is one of the most vibrant and largest industries that extend ample job opportunities for individuals with the appropriate skills, understanding and attitude (Driver 2001). This industry has now explicated into one of the worlds most significant industries. This industry is one of the significant developing sectors of the UK economy (Costa 1995, p. 12). It has developed speedily since the Second World War and now has become one of the globes largest industries. UK travel and tourism industry employs more than 2.1 million people that evidence its importance for the country. The industry serves customers with an extensive range of products, services and facilities according to their specific needs. The industry operates in a specific manner that is essential to understand before entering it (Knowles, Teixeira Egan 2003, p. 47). The industrys significance can be understood with its efforts in terms of Visitbritain that is Britains national tourism agency, accountable for marketing Britain overseas (Coulter 2003, p. 20). This agency works with thousands of UK and overseas organizations, to market Britain effectively to visitors from all over world. It basically works for promoting UK tourism industry. This module is designed in a way that will assist in investigating the UK travel and tourism industry. It will enhance our knowledge towards the travel and tourism industry suppliers that include tour operators, travel agent, accommodation and transport organization (Costa 1995, p. 12). Throughout this industry analysis that will be taken here, it will become easy to recognize the structure of the travel and tourism industry, acknowledge the main industry suppliers and the process used by them to distribute their products. Here, the different components of the industry will be studied along with the discussion of their interrelation. As well, this paper will also assist in exploring different travel and tourism organisations of the industry from government and private sectors. The industry evaluation will also assist in learning about the latest industry developments and their affect on present industry position. Industry investigation will be completed in two parts. In first part of the paper an education information section of website will be developed that will illustrate the structure of the travel and tourism industry. In the second part of the paper, a travel or tourism organization will be selected to evaluate its functioning. This in turn will be completed with the help of developing an illustrated case study for a forthcoming special feature of online travel and tourism trade newspaper. This case study will help in identifying the specific functions of selected travel or tourism organization. In this way, this comprehensive model will assist in identifying UK travel and tourism industry structure and functioning. The Structure of the Travel and Tourism Industry Structure of UK travel tourism industry can be understood effectively by understanding its different aspects, components and functions. For understanding industry structure it is essential to evaluate its each and every aspect from suppliers to customers that can be done by assessing its different aspects individually (Costa 1995, p. 13). Meaning of Travel and Tourism Find a single definition of travel and tourism is not easy with which everyone agrees. Travel is movement of individuals from one place to another with the help of different types of transport whereas tourism embraces the all inclusive process of people visiting diverse destinations for a number of reasons along with industry support (Moutinho 2000). Although one thing on which everyone agrees is that travel and tourism is a big business and the industry generates significant profit. Travel and tourism is also a constituent of leisure as all of us go for holidays or visits throughout our leisure time (Thrift Walling 2000, p. 97). In accordance to the World Tourism Organisation, tourism is the momentary, short-term movement of individuals to places outside and inside their domestic locations, where they usually live and work (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). Tourism involves movement of individuals for all kinds of reasons and their activities throughout their visits. These definitions evidence that who is tourists: People who are far from their home or residence. People who are on a temporary or short-term visit like holidays (Goodall 1997, p. 243). Individuals who are allied with travel and tourism activities. Overnight or day visit in leisure time. Trip related to business or visiting friends or relatives (Moutinho 2000). The main types of tourism in the UK industry are domestic tourism, incoming or inbound tourism or outbound tourism. Domestic Tourism: It is when individuals take holidays, short breaks and day trips in their own country. In the year 2000, overall 174.5 million trips were made by British people, within the UK (Jessica 2003). Incoming/Inbound Tourism: This type of tourism is related to international tourism when other country people are entering the UK. In 2000, overall 25.2 million overseas visitors came in UK with different intents (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). Outbound Tourism: Outbound tourism pertains to when individuals travel away from their home country to visit some other international countries for holiday or business activities (Ward 2002, p. 41). The prominent industry suppliers are travel agents, tour operators and accommodation providers. All types of tourism are managed with the help of industrys suppliers and distributors (Moutinho 2000). Differences between the Three Economic Sectors The UK travel and Tourism industry is classified in three economic sectors: Public Sector: This economic sector of the industry provides services for public and it is collectively paid through government. For the effective operation of this sector, elected bodies like local council and Parliament are responsible. Most of the public services provided are non-profit making (Jessica 2003). Services offered through this sector involves museums and art galleries, youth and community centres, leisure clubs, public halls, playing fields, catering services, information centres, libraries etc. Visit Britain, DCMS, FCO, Regional Development Agencies and English Heritage are some of the examples of public sector tourism organizations (Rowe Smith 2002). Private Sector: The private sector of tourism industry includes diverse commercial operators managed by different individuals and companies. The substantial aim of these individuals and companies is to generate profits by offering different travel and tourism services and products to customers (Moutinho 2000). The significant private sector activities in regard to travel and tourism are in the domains of retail sales, entertainment, catering and accommodation, travel services and tourism. In modern era, number of private travel and tourism organizations operate in UK like Rank, Granada, Ladbrokes, Thomas Cook and Virgin (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). These private sector organizations serve customers with facilities like travel agencies, theme parks, golf course, health and leisure clubs, restaurants and hotels (BDO Hospitality Consulting 1996, p. 8). Voluntary Sector: Organizations that belong to voluntary sector are directed and operated by volunteers. It includes non-profit making or charitable organizations such as travel or local sport clubs. These types of organizations provide some financial advantage to the industry in the form of rate and VAT relief and relief from income tax on investments (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). Some of this sector organizations that file as charities are required to fulfil some specific conditions like they should operate with objectives like charity, non-profit making and advancement of education and sports. They need to operate with an objective to satisfy community in terms of benefits. In UK there are more than 200 national voluntary travel and tourism groups that embrace youth and community groups, touring groups, conservation groups, social sports clubs, heritage groups etc. Travel and Tourism Chain of Distribution The chain of distribution is a technique of offering products to the end consumers. It is applicable in each industry and subsequent is its traditional form: Producer Manufacturer Wholesaler Retailer Consumer The Traditional Chain of Distribution Usually, a manufacturer delivers its product or service to its consumer through wholesaler and retailer but it is not the case with travel and tourism industry (Moutinho 2000). In travel and tourism industry also a chain of distribution is followed that is as follows: Principals i.e. hotels, airlines and other transport companies Tour Operators Travel Agencies Consumers Travel and Tourism Traditional Chain of Distribution In travel tourism industry, traditional chain of distribution fit precisely into a class, for instance travel agent who performs specific business role. Although the industry is much more complex than this and in several instances the traditional chain (Rowe Smith 2002) has been contracted as follows: Principle Internet Consumer Principle Tour Operator Call centre Consumer Principle Tour Operator Television Consumer Principle Call centre Consumer These are some of the distribution channels used by UK travel and tour companies. As well, companies also not strictly follow one line of business because they used to buy or merge with other kinds of businesses. Tour operators now have bought or created airlines, travel agencies and hotels (BDO Hospitality Consulting 1996, p. 8). This is done for attaining significant commercial growth and market position. This buying or merger process by UK travel and tourism companies is recognized as vertical and horizontal integration (Rowe Smith 2002). The UK travel and tourism chain of distribution demonstrates that companies own the entire diverse component in the distribution chain and are able to manage the overall operation. This is done by UK travel and tourism organizations for attaining economies of scale and serving its customers with much more better prices (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). The distinctive distribution chain of UK travel and tourism firms represents that smaller operators serve with high pressure and if they dont try to operate at large scale will be forced to leave the industry (Rowe Smith 2002). Vertical and Horizontal Integration Vertical Integration: Vertical integration takes place when two firms from different levels merge or are bought in the chain of distribution (Moutinho 2000). This may be a backward integration such as a tour operator purchases a hotel, or forward integration like a tour operator purchases a travel agency. One of the substantial examples of vertical integration in UK is of First Choice Holidays plc. It possesses several tour operating for example First Choice Holidays and Sovereign (Schmidt 2008). As well, it also has its own travel agencies chain in UK operated under the First Choice Travel Shops and First Choice Holiday Hypermarkets names. Additionally, it also has its own charter airline First Choice Airways (Rowe Smith 2002). This type of integration done by companies is known as vertical integration in which a company possesses companies at different levels of distribution chain. The well known multiple agencies of UK are owned by a key tour operator. Going Places is a substantial element of the MyTravel Group and Thomson Travel Shops are possessed by Thomson (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). Horizontal Integration: When a company possesses or manages other business at the same level of distribution chain is known as horizontal integration such as takeover of a small independent hotel by a major hotel group or takeover of a small travel agency by a big travel agency (Moutinho 2000). In UK recently a merger has taken place between Thomas Cook and MyTravel tour operators. In UK, horizontal integration is very common in the hotels sector and it is done with a motive of attaining economies of scale by assuring the functioning and marketing of extensive number of individual hotels (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). Most of the UK travel and tour companies are integrated vertically and horizontally and it is done to strengthen their present and future market position (Rodgers 2001). Impact of Vertical and Horizontal Integration on Customer Choice Vertical and Horizontal integration, significantly affects customer choice as with the customer become able in purchasing a whole package at reasonable price in spite of purchasing different services at high price (Moutinho 2000). With vertical integration, it becomes easy for customer to make long-term relations with a firm as it will offer all kinds of products and services to its customers due to its presence in different business in different level of distribution chain (Rodgers 2001). On the other hand, horizontal integration also strengthens company position and they serve their customers in a much more effective manner with additional services at wholesome price package (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). In this way, it can be said that integration whether it is vertical or horizontal is beneficial for customer as it facilitates customers with more choices. With integration, industry players get more dominant and become better able to offer its customers with more choice at moderate prices and packages (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). Tour Operators and Travel Agents A tour operator covers a holiday package that includes: Travel mode (road, rail, air or sea) Accommodation facilities through hotels, self catering villas, guest houses etc. Travel agencies that provide transfer facilities to customers such as car hire and excursions (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). The significant role of tour operators is to aggregate the diverse component that develop a holiday and put it for sale to consumers as packages. They are responsible for making contracts and associations with hotels, airline companies and transport companies to make an attractive package (Moutinho 2000). In UK, there are approximate 600 tour operators in which most of them are small companies that specialize in specific destinations or type of services. All tour operators of UK can be classified into following four categories: Mass-market operators: These tour operators sell holidays in high volume and it includes some of the well-known key players of industry like Thomson (TUI), MyTravel, Thomas Cook and First Choice Holidays (Middleton Lickorish 2007). Specialist operators: These operators are not as well-known as mass-market operators. In UK, there are number of specialist tour operators that provide customers with holidays and short breaks to Rome, Amazon adventure tours, Italy etc. These types of operators are becoming more popular due to its offering of individuals type of experience. Well-known specialist UK tour operator is Super-break (Investigating Travel and Tourism, n.d.) Domestic Operators: These operators design holiday packages for the home market. The well-known domestic operators are coach operators like WA Shearings and National Holidays. Both of these offer valuable products to older age groups (The Travel and Tourism Industry n.d.). Incoming tour Operators: These tour operators provide holidays and travel products for abroad visitors to Britain. Some operate from international locations where customers are and some operate from UK (Middleton Lickorish 2007). Some of the well known incoming tour operators are Gullivers Sports Travel, Pathfinders and Evan Evans Tours. All of these offer all inclusive package tours of the UK that are sold through international travel agents. Travel Agents Travel agents offer outgoing, incoming and domestic tourists with extensive leisure and business travel products and services (Middleton Lickorish 2007). In UK there are around 7000 travel agencies that are members of the Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA). In UK, there are different types of travel agencies that include multiple, independent, maniple, e-agent and holiday hypermarkets. Travel agents work as a link among customers and tour operators and other principles like airlines and hotels (Investigating Travel and Tourism, n.d.) Before purchasing a holiday package visitors go to travel agents for suggestions, bookings and better services. Travel agents are responsible for ensuring that they are serving a customer with right and appropriate holiday or travel service. They also offer customers with coach, flight, rail or ferry bookings, specialist services and independent travel arrangements. Scheduled and Chartered Air Transport Scheduled Air Transport refers to the services that operate with a published timetable, on specified routes and with government licence. These services does not get affected by the number of passengers and due to this, it is generally used by business travellers as they are also ready to pay premium price for their comfort and convenience (Middleton Lickorish 2007). In UK, budget, low-cost or no frills airlines, provide scheduled services on various domestic and global routes at low prices. One of the significant advantages of this transport is this that it is regular and provides scheduled flights to customers. It offers customers with seats in different classes according to their suitability (Rowe Smith 2002). In addition to these advantages, one of the substantial disadvantage of schedules air transport is this that it does not offer flexibility to visitors as it operates in scheduled manner and is not affected with any factor. Chartered air transport refers to the services that are associated to the package holiday industry, in which tour operators make a contract with an airline for a distinctive route for a period. Some major UK tour operators possess their own airlines and due to this the sales of charter flights is declining (Investigating Travel and Tourism, n.d.). Major charter air transport services of UK are Monarch, Thomas Cook and MyTravel (Rowe Smith 2002). Charter air transport provides its customers with an advantage in terms of flights on reasonable price for specific purposes. These are provided by tour operators that assist customers in developing long-term relations. In addition to these advantages it also has a disadvantage that it does not serves its customers with flexibility as blocks of seats or whole flight is booked. Relationship and Links between Travel and Tourism Organizations In UK, almost all travel and tourism organisations work with link-up or associations in some or other way. In present almost all people travel for some purposes that may be adventure, business personal or holiday that is managed by tourism business of the country. Travel is done through different transportation facilities and it requires accommodations facilities that are provided by tourism organizations (Middleton Lickorish 2007). There is a relationship between travel and tourism and due to this all tourism organizations offers different facilities for travellers. Both of these types of organizations work together due to the similarity of their fields and business operations. The relationship between travel and tourism organizations can also be understood with the help of recent developments that pertains to increase in individuals travelling with diverse reasons. Nowadays customers prefer to buy a wholesome holiday package that serves them with all travel and tourism facilities (Rowe Smith 2002). Due to changes in customers preferences and demands, links between travel and tourism organizations has strengthened. All these aspects of UK travel and tourism industry demonstrates its structure and pattern of operations. If a company wants to operate successfully in UK travel and tourism industry it has to go through all the above discussed aspects and patterns. UK travel and tourism industry chain of distribution is different from traditional distribution chain that is essential to understand for attaining assured business success. Functioning of a Travel and Tourism Organization Subsequent to the discussion of UK travel and tourism industry structure, it becomes evident that there is a substantial relationship between countrys travel and tourism organizations and its distribution chain different from other industries. The pattern of business in UK travel and tourism industry is different from other countrys industry and it is essential to be understood for entering it successfully (Pender Sharpley 2005). The industry structure provides information of all essential components of the industry but for understanding it in more detail here, an individual organization will be evaluated that is Virgin Atlantic. It is a British airline company (Waugh 2000). The company functioning will be understand be developing a case study so it can enhance readers understanding. Virgin Atlantic Case Study Virgin Atlantic Airways Limited is also known as Virgin Atlantic. It is a British airline and functions between the United Kingdom and North America, the Caribbean, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Australia. This UK airline is a well-known scheduled airline. The company operates with a CAA Type A Operating Licence to take passengers, cargo, and mail on plane with approximate 20 seats (Dickinson 2009). The company was founded in 1982 and in present it has become Britains second largest carrier that serves worlds 30 major cities, as well as New York, Washington D.C., Boston, Chicago, San Francisco, Sydney, Miami, Dubai, Los Angeles, Johannesburg, Hong Kong, and Tokyo from its bases that are at Londons Heathrow and Gatwick Airports. The company has enjoyed significant popularity and recognition all around the world due to its business operations. The Virgin airline has initiated number of innovations that had built new service standards that other industry players also followed (Rowe Smith 2002). In spite of its substantial growth its service still remains customer driven with a prominence on value for money, excellence, fun and improvement. The company functioning can be understood effectively with the help of subsequent aspects of its functioning: Ownership: The company is a British airline specifically situated in London. It is owned by Sir Richard Bransons Virgin Group and Singapore Airlines. Both the company holds 51% and 49% shares respectively. It was established in the year 1982 by Randolph Fields who was from America and was a lawyer, and Alan Hellary, who was a former chief pilot for Laker Airways (Dickinson 2009). In 1982, it was established as British Atlantic Airways and since 1984, it has been operating as Virgin Atlantic. The airline offers its customers with three class system that are Economy, Premium Economy and Upper class (Rowe Smith 2002). Aims and Objectives: The company operates with subsequent aims and objectives: Operate with the basic foundations that are safety, security and consistent delivery. Serve customers with quality service and value for money. Concentrate on the business and leisure markets and drive competence and effectualness. Operate with simplicity and in a way that love to fly. Become a growing and profitable organization (Dickinson 2009). Always challenge the ordinary and push airline innovation to serve passengers with something special and different. The company works in a direction to attain continuous specialization in range of innovations. The company works for creating a virtual contact centre network for serving customers all around the world with consistent, well-organized, effective and transparent services (Pender Sharpley 2005). Establish a global view of business for developing an ability to control al business operations. Create a flexible workforce and schedule people around skills and altering work demands (Dickinson 2009). Develop a business process that assist in managing all up and down business situations. Product Range: From the time of its initiation, the company is operating with diversification strategy. In present, the company operates long haul services and it provides customers with aircrafts, clubs and several other products. It offers flights between different cities of the world for assisting customers in their travelling (Dickinson 2009). The company has also brought in a strand of firsts admitting individual seat-back televisions for all economy passengers. As well, it also serves customers with automatic defibrillators. It also serves its upper class customers with limousine pick-up and Drive-Thru check-in (Bamber, Gittell Kochan 2009). Virgin Atlantic also operates with Clubhouses and Virgin lounges at its several destinations. The Virgin Clubhouses are intentionally planned to challenge the traditional airline industry patterns and for creating a different and unique travelling environment (Singh 2008). In the year 2003, the company launched its Upper Class Suite product that involved a falling back leather seat for takeoff, a well-designed sitting and eating place, fully flat bed and proper mattress for sleeping. As well, it also includes a private on-board bar at where customers can drink with their friends and a personal massage room. All these products are offered at reasonable price that others airline companies offer only to their first class customers. Services: All aircrafts of Virgin Atlantic aircraft operate with three-class configuration that is Economy, Premium Economy, and Upper Class cabins. Economy class is the standard coach class and serves customers with basic amenities (Dickinson 2009). Premium Economy class has its own different check-in area, a much more comfortable seat and legroom with much more amenities. This class passenger is also provided with laptop power supplies. The upper class is for business class and has all facilities. This class seat is fully flat bed and it also serves customers with seat power leads. In addition to this service, all Virgin Atlantic aircraft provide customers with personal seat-back televisions that furnish then with lots of entertainment channels. Most of company aircrafts also have an Audio/Video on Demand (AVOD) system. The company also have service of Frequent Flyer Programme, which benefit customers according to their use of Virgin aircraft for travelling again and again. Virgin Atlantic also provide some other additional services like the Freedom meal service, in-flight beauty therapy service, arrival lounges, flying clubs etc. Distribution Method: The company is established by making use of its own course within a model coherent with asserting the corporations image of customer friendliness, fair dealing and relative ease (Robinson 2009). The company remains concentrated on the UK markets and its business has explicated with the help of additional product and services (Dickinson 2009). The company make use of above distribution methods that precisely with airline products and services that are offered through tour operators and travel agents. From its initiation, its distribution methods had altered number of times and it is getting contracted day by day. Virgin Atlantic, serve its customers in a more and unique way. Pricing Policy: Price is a key element of airline strategy and it need to be agreed by targeted customers. It should be in a way that reflects companys other marketing mix elements also (Pender Sharpley 2005). Virgin Atlantic serves its customers with number of products at different price levels and with different pricing strategies. Its business segment is served with higher price whereas its economic class is served with low price (Singh 2008). For its different customers, the company make use of different pricing strategies like price skimming, penetration pricing, marginal pricing and promotional pricing. All these pricing strategies are used by customers for serving different types of customers and their different needs (Eccles Costa 1996, p. 49). The company pricing strategy is designed in a way that tries to offer superior service by undercutting competitors prices (Driver 1999, P. 136). Marketing Activities (Promotional Activities): The company make use of different marketing activities for promoting its products and services in the UK travel and tourism industry. The company had made use of different marketing mix elements that are also apparent in its vision and mission strategy. In addition to this, for promoting its products and services, the company make use of different advertising strategies and channels of media (Eccles Costa 1996, p. 47). The company had launched different services that all are promoted in different ways and through print and television. In addition to this, it also makes use of different advertising campaigns and promotional offers for its customers so that they can be driven towards Virgin Atlantic craft services (Robinson 2009). Regulatory and Licensing Requirements: The company is an airline company and before initiating any of its operations it has to attain support and approval from several national regulatory bodies or firms. The first regulatory body is the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) that governs the UK aviation sector. All airline companies services are regulated by CAA so that a diverse and competitive industry environment can be encouraged in the country (Driver 2001). Other substantial regulatory bodies from which approval is essential are the Air Transport Users Council and National Air Traffic Services. These authorities have altered traditional aviation laws and it had assisted companies in their old licensing laws (Pender Sharpley 2005). Membership of Associations with Benefits: Virgin Atlantic operates by associating with different associations as it provides the company with several benefits like market dominance, competitive advantage, environment-friendly image etc (Zeithaml, Bitner Gremler 2005). The company has an association with the Tourism Review and Implementation Group that was developed in 2004. This association has members from different fields like tourism, public sector and education. In addition to this, the company also operate with number of other associations that strengthen companys image in the mind of its domestic as well as international customers. Relationship with other Travel and Tourism Organizations: From its initiation, Virgin Atlantic has developed strong relationships with other travel and tourism organizations as it has tie ups with number of hotels, tour operators and travel agents that promotes both the companies. The company long-established success is the result of its effective relationships with other travel and tourism companies (Balmforth 2009). The company promotes its products and service by making contracts with tour operators that provide all-inclusive holiday packages to their customers. As well it also operates by associating

Explanation of Hamlet’s Mystery (by: Ernest Jones)

pg. 101: Explanation of Hamlet's Mystery by Ernest Jones Much as he hates him, he can never denounce him with the ardent indignation that boils straight from his blood when he reproaches his mother, for the more vigorously he denounces his uncle the more powerfully does he stimulate to activity his own unconscious and â€Å"repressed† complexes. He is there- fore in a dilemma between on the one hand allowing his natural detestation of his uncle to have free play, a consum- mation which would make him aware of his own horrible ishes, and on the other ignoring the imperative call for ven- geance that his obvious duty demands. He must either realise his own evil in denouncing his uncle's, or strive to ignore, to condone and if possible even to forget the latter in continuing to â€Å"repress† the former; his moral fate is bound up with his uncle's for good or ill. The call of duty to slay his uncle cannot be obeyed because it links itself with the call of his nature to sla y his mother's husband, whether this is the first or the second; the latter call is strongly â€Å"repressed,† and therefore necessarily the former also.It is no mere chance that he says of himself that he is prompted to the revenge â€Å"by heaven and hell,† though the true significance of the expres- sion of course quite escapes him. Hamlet's dammed-up feeling finds a partial vent in other directions, the natural one being blocked. The petulant irascibility and explosive outbursts called forth by the vexa- tion of Guildenstern and Rosencrantz, and especially of Polo- nius, are evidently to be interpreted in this way, as also is in part the burning nature of his reproaches to his mother. In- deed towards the end of the interview with his mother the hought of her misconduct expresses itself in that almost physical disgust which is so often the manifestation of in- tensely â€Å"repressed† sexual feeling. â€Å"Let the bloat king tempt you again to bed; Pinch wa nton on your cheek; call you his mouse; And let him, for a pair of reechy kisses, Or paddling in your neck with his damn'd fingers, Make you to ravel all this matter out. † His attitude towards Polonius is highly instructive. Here the absence of family tie, and of other influences, enables him to indulge to a relatively unrestrained degree his hostility towards the prating and sententious dotard.

Christian Allegory in Beowulf - 1027 Words

The Anglo-Saxon poem â€Å"Beowulf† takes the reader back into a time long past; one of family, fate, and fealty. Beowulf offers a glimpse of a society struggling between two different paths, one path being the assimilation into the new Christian traditions and the other is the fast fading past of glorified warriors and family ties. In the poem, the reader can see the attempts of the poet to convey the values and stories of Judeo-Christianity in a society of Anglo-Saxon paganism. The poet illustrates the infiltration of the Christian teachings and how they might have appeared within the lives of the people through the literary devices of symbolism, allegory, and allusion. The narrator of â€Å"Beowulf† introduces us to the monster that is Grendel in the very first lines of the poem. The speaker describes â€Å"a fiend from hell† and speaks of â€Å"a cursed creature† whom God has condemned as he is â€Å"the kin of Cain†. Grendel’s description immediately aligns him with sin and the darkness of human nature found in the old biblical tale. As the poem goes on Grendel attacks Hrothgar’s hall because of the singing of praise to God. Grendel cannot bear to hear the praise as he is said to â€Å"live in the land of monsters since the Creator cast them out† (pg. 39). Grendel , much like his ancestor Cain, is â€Å"the outcast from God and society, the eternal wanderer† (Cain Ahasuerus) This state of misery and isolation makes Grendel the perfect symbol for the fallen mankind that has been separated fromShow MoreRelatedBeowulf Is A Christian Allegory1310 Words   |  6 PagesIt is common opinion that Beowulf was written by a Christian poet. This was probably true because at the time when it was written, most of the few people who knew how to read and write were in the clergy. There are various references within the poem to elements of the Christian religion. However, the story is about Pagan people and certain aspects of their culture are even glorified. The ambiguity of Beowulf’s religious content has caused confusion as to what significance religion had inRead MoreEssay on Christian and Pagan Ideals in Beowulf1343 Words   |  6 Pagesvalues, and past events. Written down in approximately 1,000 A.D. by an unknown author, Beowulf, originally a pagan fable, became a Christian allegory upon its transcription by Christian monks. However, as scholars have debated over the religious context in Beowulf, the attempts by the monks to turn the epic poem into a Christian parable ended merged, including both original and Christian aspects. Throughout Beowulf, the epic combines pagan ideals of fate or wyrd and the will of God, the similar conceptsRead MoreEssay about Christian And Pagan Ideals In Beowulf1335 Words   |  6 Pagesvalues, and past events. Written down in approximately 1,000 A.D. by an unknown author, Beowulf, originally a pagan fable, became a Christian allegory upon its transcription by Christian monks. However, as scholars have debated over the religious context in Beowulf, the attempts by the monks t o turn the epic poem into a Christian parable ended merged, including both original and Christian aspects. Throughout Beowulf, the epic combines pagan ideals of fate or wyrd and the will of God, the similar conceptsRead MoreBeowulf: a Pagan Epic Hero?1681 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf: A Pagan Epic Hero? Throughout literature there have been countless parallels and references to the story of Christ as written in the Bible. Even in such unexpected places as in seemingly pagan poems of ancient Danes and Geats- an epic with dragons and monsters- one still finds similar biblical allusions. In just such an unexpected place, the epic Beowulf, its title hero and his circumstance, become an allegory for the story of Christ. In this sense, Beowulf can be seen as a ChristianRead MoreEssay on Christian Elements in Beowulf1568 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf is one of the great heroic poems in English literature. The epic follows a courageous warrior named Beowulf throughout his young, adult life and into his old age. As a young man, Beowulf becomes a legendary hero when he saves the land of the Danes from the hellish creatures, Grendel and his mother. Later, after fifty years pass, Beowulf is an old man and a great king of the Geats. A monstrous dragon soon invades his peaceful kingdom and he d efends his people courageously, dying in the processRead MoreChristian and Pagan Virtues Displayed in Beowulf Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pagesepic poem Beowulf, the Christian allegory is woven with a pagan fable in order to truly represent the characters. The Christian and pagan virtues are successfully synchronized and amalgamate the story as a whole which is displayed by the two main characters, Beowulf and Grendel, through their personal traits. Many Christian elements and values create the disposition of Beowulf. The author of Beowulf creates a character who seen as a Christ- like figure in that he possesses the Christian value ofRead MoreBeowulf : Christian Or Pagan Epic?865 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Smith Waterman English 12 24 September 2015 Beowulf: Christian or Pagan Epic? Believe it or not, Thor was not just a fictional superhero that appeared in comics created by Marvel. Ultimately stemming from Proto-Indo-European religion, Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of Germanic mythology and paganism. Pagans, a member of a community observing a polytheistic religion, dominated Southern Europe society and literature until Christianity slowly drove out paganismRead MoreThe Importance Of Heroism In Beowulf1073 Words   |  5 PagesBeowulf is a classic, epic story which theme focuses on good versus evil, â€Å"Beowulf is essentially a heathen poem† (Bodek) said F.A Blackburn because it consists of elements drawn from Anglo-Saxons culture before they were converted to Christians. It is tidily divided into three parts; The battle with Grendel, The battle with Grendel’s mother and the battle with the Dragon. The poem deals with Germanic forebears, the Danes, the Geats and the Swedes. This story features a super-stro ng warrior BeowulfRead MoreBeowulf Is The Oldest Recorded Poem1328 Words   |  6 PagesThe epic poem, Beowulf, is the oldest recorded poem in English and at 3200 lines long, comprises roughly ten percent of the surviving poetry in Old English. Although written in this language, Beowulf focuses on the feats of the poem’s namesake Beowulf, a Geatish prince, and the invading Germanic tribes in Denmark. Understood early on in the poem, these tribes have a lengthy and powerful warrior culture; a culture heavily influenced by heroic virtues, blood vengeance, and paganism. Along with theseRead MoreEssay about Christian Sybolism in Beowulf1598 Words   |  7 PagesChristian Sybolism in Beowulf Within the poem Beowulf, the poet utilizes the Christian religion to symbolize the elements of good and evil and Heaven and Hell. Beowulf is the oldest known English epic poem. The manuscripts date back to about 1000 A.D., when two scribes wrote it down for posterity. The poem was handed down from the Anglo-Saxon period, and through the retelling of the poem, it changed a little each time. The poem creates an oral depiction of an epic hero who strived to